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How do you calculate Freight Density?
The formula to determine the density of an item is: LxWxH/1728 = Cubic Feet (CU FT). Weight (Pounds)/CU FT = Density (#PCF)
- Measure the shipment’s dimensions: length, width, freight.
- Multiply the measurements together (length x width x height).
- Divide the result by 1,728 (cubic inches per foot) to find the cubic feet of the shipment.
- Divide the weight by the toatl cubic feet. Thi result is the freight density, or poinds per cubic foot (#PCF).
Freight Density (in lbs per cubic foot) | Freight Class |
Less than 1 | 400 |
1 but less than 2 | 300 |
2 but less than 4 | 250 |
4 but less than 6 | 175 |
6 but less than 8 | 125 |
8 but less than 10 | 100 |
10 but less than 12 | 92.5 |
12 but less than 15 | 85 |
15 but less than 22.5 | 70 |
22.5 but less than 30 | 65 |
Over 30 | 60 |
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HOW TO DETERMINE FREIGHT CLASS
In an effort to establish fair measures and standardize freight pricing, the National Motor Freight Traffic Association (NMFTA) created a classification system for every type of freight.
The 18 freight classes are defined with a number between 50 and 500. Below are four things to consider when determining your shipment’s freight class.
1. COMMODITY / DENSITY
Some products have pre defined freight classes. Others are determined by density.
2. STOWABILITY
Difficulty of transporting items due to irregular sizes will result in a higher freight class.
3. HANDLING
Objects that are fragile, heavy, hazardous or require additional handling are subject to a higher freight class.
4. LIABILITY
Products that are easily damaged or that can cause damage to other freight have a higher freight class and may not be covered by the freight carriers liability.
Freight Class | Example Commodities | Density(LBS/Cubic Foot) |
50 | Buts, Bolts, Steel Rods | 50+ |
55 | Hardwood Flooring, Bricks | 35-50 |
60 | Ceramic Tiles, Foodstuff | 30-35 |
65 | Books, Bottled Beverages | 22.5-30 |
70 | Food Items, Paper In Boxes | 15-22.5 |
70.5 | Tires, Bathroom Fixtures | 13.5 – 15 |
85 | Engines, Transmissions | 12 – 13.5 |
92.5 | Computers, Monitors | 10.5 – 12 |
100 | Car & Boat Covers, Wine Cases | 9 – 10.5 |
110 | Cabinets, Framed Artwork | 8 – 9 |
125 | Small Household Appliances | 7 – 8 |
150 | Refrigerators, Freezers | 6 - 7 |
175 | Lighting, Signs | 5 - 6 |
200 | Packaged Mattresses | 4 - 5 |
250 | TV’s, Toys, Pet Products | 3 - 4 |
300 | Wood Cabinets, Glass | 2 - 3 |
400 | Light Fixtures | 1 - 2 |
500 | Ping Pong Balls | < 1 |
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